IT'S STILL PAYING FOR HIGH SCHOOL TWICE. An Inside Higher Ed column discovers that community-college study-skills courses might have a positive marginal product. The comments are particularly illuminating. Follow closely the discussion of self-selection. The final comment (as of this posting) notes how much work remains undone.

Trust me, these kids need help with managing their time, their money, taking notes, even with going to class the next day. In my opinion, the biggest challenge they face is simply comprehending that they were lied to in high school about what level math or english they were passing and how much of it they were learning, not to mention whether passing the HS grad exam a year or three ago means they are ready for college algebra or english.

"Remediation" has to begin with a proper first grade.